Indian Tricolour
Different Languages :
Hindi and Marathi: भारतीय राष्ट्रगीत
Arabic : النشيد الوطني الهندي
Mandarin Chinese(Traditional) : 印度國歌
French : Indiens hymne national
Japanese : インドの国歌
Spanish : Himno Nacional del Indio
Author
The author of the Great Indian National Anthem is Shree Rabindranath Tagore,written in Bengali. It was adopted as the national anthem of India, in its Hindi version, Constituent Assembly of India,( Vol.XII, 24-1-1950) opined:
"The composition consisting of words and music known as Janaganamanais the National Anthem of India, subject to such alterations as the Government may authoriz
e as occasion arises, .
.."
Only the first of the five stanzas was designated as the anthem.
Ocassions
First Sung
'Jana-gana-mana' was first sung on 27th December 1911, long before Indian gained independence, at the Calcutta Session of the Indian National Congress.
Nowadays
The National Anthem of India is played or sung on various occasions. Instructions
have been issued from time to time about the correct versions of the Anthem, the occasions on which these are to be played or sung, and about the need for paying respect to the anthem by observance of proper decorum on such occasions. The substance of these instructions has been embodied in this information sheet for general information and guidance.
The National Anthem - Full & Short Versions
The composition consisting of the words and music of the first stanza of the late poet Rabindra Nath Tagore's song known as "Jana Gana Mana" is the National Anthem of India. It reads as follows:
English Phenotics for Hindi
Jana-gana-mana-adhinayaka, jaya he
Bharata-bhagya-vidhata.
Punjab-Sindh-Gujarat-Maratha
Dravida-Utkala-Banga
Vindhya-Himachala-Yamuna-Ganga
Uchchala-Jaladhi-taranga.
Tava shubha name jage,
Tava shubha
asisa mange,
Gahe tava jaya gatha,'''
Jana-gana-mangala-dayaka jaya he
Bharata-bhagya-vidhata.
Jaya he, jaya he, jaya he,
Jaya jaya jaya, jaya he!
The National Anthem - Full & Short Versions
The composition consisting of the words and music of the first stanza of the late poet Rabindra Nath Tagore's
song known as "Jana Gana Mana" is the National Anthem of India. It reads as follows:
English Phenotics for Hindi
Jana-gana-mana-adhinayaka, jaya he
Bharata-bhagya-vidhata.
Punjab-Sindh-Gujarat-Maratha
Dravida-Utkala-Banga
Vindhya-Himachala-Yamuna-Ganga
Uchchala-J
aladhi-taranga.
Tava shubha name jage,
Tava shubha asisa mange,
Gahe tava jaya gatha,
Jana-gana-mangala-dayaka jaya he
'''Bharata-bhagya-vidhata.
Jaya he, jaya he, jaya he,
Jaya jaya jaya, jaya he!
The above is the full version of the Anthem and its playing time is approximately 52 seconds.
A short version consisting of the first and last lines of the National Anthem is also played on certain occasions. It reads as follows:
Jana-gana-mana-adhinayaka, jaya he
Bharata-bhagya-vidhata.
Jaya he, jaya he, jaya he,
Jaya jaya jaya, jaya he!
Playing time of the short version is about 20 seconds.
The Engl
ish Meaning
The following is Tagore's English rendering of the anthem :
Thou art the ruler of the minds of all people,
Dispenser of India's destiny.
Thy name rouses the hearts of Punjab, Sind,
Gujarat and Maratha,
Of the Dravida and Orissa and Bengal;
It echoes in the hills of the Vindhyas and Himalayas,
mingles in the music of Jamuna and Ganges and is
chanted by the waves of the Indian Sea.
They pray for thy blessings and sing thy praise.
The saving of all people waits in thy hand,
Thou dispenser of India's destiny.
Victory, victory, victory to thee.
The occasions on which the full versions or the short version will be played have been indicated at the appropriate places in these instructions.
The Story Behind Translation
Jana Gana Mana was translated, from Sanskrit to English, by Rabindranath Tagore and the music on this English Translation was set in Madanapalle, a small town in Andhra Pradesh. As to the story behind this translation, in 1918 Tagore was invited, by controversial Irish poet James H. Cousins, to spend a few days at the Besant Theosophical College (BTC). James was serving as the principal of the college, at that time.
On February 28, while attending a gathering of students at BTC, Rabindranath sang the Jana Gana Mana in Bengali. Suddenly, he thought of translating the song in English. A few days later, in Madanapalle, Tagore wrote down the English translation of the song. Cousins' wife, Margaret, who was an expert in Western music, set down the music for this English version. The framed original English translation is still displayed in the library of Besant Theosophical College in Madanapalle.
Playing of the Anthem
The full version of the Anthem shall be played on the following occasions:
Civil and Military investitures;
When National Salute (which means the Command "Rashtriya Salute Salami Shastr" to the accompaniment of the National Anthem is given on ceremonial occasions to the President or to the Governor/Lieutenant Governor within their respective States/Union Territories;
During parades irrespective of whether any of the dignitaries referred to in (ii) above is present or not;
On arrival of the President at formal State functions and other functions organized by the Government and mass functions and on his departure from such functions;
Immediately
before and after the President addresses the Nation over All India Radio;
On arrival of the Governor/Lieutenant Governor at formal State functions within his State/Union Territory and on his departure from such functions;
When the National Flag is brought on parade;
When the Regimental Colours are presented;
For hoisting of colours in the Navy.
The short version of the Anthem shall be played when drinking toasts in Messe
s.
The Anthem shall be played on any other occasion for which special orders have been issued by the Government of India.
Normally the Anthem shall not be played for the Prime Minister, though there may be special occasions when it may be played.
When the National Anthem is played by a band, the Anthem will be preceded by a roll of drums to assist the audience to know that the National Anthem is going to be played, unless there is some other specific indication that the National Anthem is about to be played, as for example, when fanfares are sounded before the National Anthem is played, or when toasts are drunk to the accompaniment of the National Anthem or when the National Anthem constitutes the National Salute given by a Guard of Honour. The duration of the roll, in terms of marchi
ng drill, will be 7 paces in slow march. The roll will start slowly, ascend to as loud a volume as possible and then gradually decreases to original softness, but remaining audible until the seventh beat. One beat rest will then be observed before commencing the National Anthem.
Mass Singing of the Anthem
The full version of the Anthem shall be played accompanied by mass singing on the following occasions:
On the unfurling of the National Flag, on cultural occasions or ceremonial functions other than parades.
(This could be arranged by having a chair)
On arrival of the President at any Government or Public function (but excluding formal State funct
ions and mess functions) and also immediately before his departure from such functions.
On all occasions when the National Anthem is sung, the full version
shall be recited accompanied by mass singing.
The Anthem may be sung on occasions which, although not strictly ceremonial, are nevertheless invested with significance because of the presence of Ministers etc. The singing of the Anthem on such occasions (with or without the accompaniment of an instruments) accompanied by mass singing is desirable.
It is not possible to give an exhaustive list of occasions on which the singing (as distinct from
playing) of the Anthem can be permitted. But there is no objection to the singing of the Anthem accompanied by mass singing so long as it is done with due respect as a salutation to the motherland and proper decorum is maintained.
In all schools, the day's work may begin with community singing of the anthem. School authorities should make adequate provision in their programmes for popularising the singing of the Anthem and promoting respect for the National Flag among students.
General
Whenever the Anthem is sung or played, the audience shall stand to attention. However, when in the course of a newsreel or documentary the Anthem is played as a part of the film, it is not expected of the audience to stand as standing is bound to interrupt the exhibition of the film and would create disorder and confusion rather than add to the dignity of the Anthem.
As in the case of the flying of the National Flag, it has been left to the good sense of the people not to indulge in indiscriminate singing or playing of the Anthem.
No comments:
Post a Comment